فصلنامه رسانه
سال سی و دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 125، زمستان 1400)

Radio, as an important audio medium, in order to retain its audience and attract more listeners, must always seek to produce high quality and attractive programs. In order to achieve this goal, in addition to providing good content, it needs to have structurally appropriate design, for programs. One of the most important factors in making a radio program attractive is the variety of content in the structure of the program, as well as maintaining coherence and integration throughout the program. The purpose of this study is to determine the criteria for the structural design of combined radio programs to produce programs with a diverse and coherent structure. This article is based on documentary and library data and in-depth interviews with twenty experts in the field of radio programming.According to the findings of this research work, which have been obtained especially using the opinions of experts and programmers during the interview process, four criteria can be proposed, including balance, ups and downs (exiting), rhythm and proper criteria for structural design of combined radio programs. By using these four criteria, which have their own sub-categories, it is possible to produce diverse and at the same time coherent programs. Among the four criteria, the of balance and ups and downs criterias are more concerned with creating coherence and integration in the program, and the two criteria of rhythm and ups and downs are more concerned with creating diversity and attractiveness in the program while observing proper and balance features.

With the advent of social media in the modern age, the role of old media such as television and newspapers has diminished, and in a democratic and pluralistic environment, people have replaced the monolithic media. Humans are not only no longer influenced by the messages of the old media, but they are the producers of the messages themselves. Twitter, as a social network, represents agency and expression. Critical tweets have a special writing style that distinguishes them from texts on other social networks; a style that has made it attractive and influential to users in the field of political and critical activism. In this article, we have used the schools of cultural studies, formalism and semiotics to seek to identify the features and language styles of critical tweets among Iranian users. The dominant features of the writing style of tweets were the use of intertextuality, parody, irony, imagination, simile, and so on. Users whose tweets, indicated that they had a lot of backgrounds and knowledge and many references to other texts; they also choose the language of humor and are interested in imagination and fantasy.

The media is one of the powerful tools of development and media management help to achieves this objective. In this research work, the model of competency indices and skills of media managers and its effectiveness in advancing the macro goals of Horizon 2025 have been studied. This is an applied study and in terms of research method, is qualitative with a data-based approach. The statistical population of this research is managers and experts in the field of media who have been selected by snowball and purposeful method. Interviews with participants continued until the theoretical saturation was obtained, and this was achieved in 12 interviews. Three stages of coding (open, axial and selective) and powerful MAXQDA2018 software were used to analyze the research data.The results show that the ability of media managers includes four categories of capabilities: macro level, micro level, organizational level and individual level. Also, the results show that the capabilities and skills of media managers and its effectiveness in advancing the macro goals of Horizon 2025, consequences such as improving performance, achieving macro goals, sustainable development, increasing the audience for domestic media production, quantitative and qualitative growth, intellectual growth And it brings growth, raising public awareness, improving political relations, organizational excellence, and human resource empowerment for the media industry.

This article deals with the relationship between the culture of modern participatory democracy and the use of social networks within the teachers' community of the Iranian central city of Isfahan. New participatory democracy is an innovative system for using new media to deepen democratic governance by facilitating more direct participation of the people in political decision-making. The formation of a political culture of participation based on the new environment of communication is important among all different groups of society, but the formation of this culture among teachers is twice important because of their key role in the process of political socialization. The purpose of this study is to answer the question of what is the culture of modern participatory democracy of the teaching community, based on the use of social networks. For this purpose, the variables of using social networks and the culture of modern participatory democracy in the teachers' community of Isfahan, in 2017-18 academic year, have been measured by survey method. The results indicate that the relationship between the culture of participatory democracy and the use of social networks, in the sample under study, despite the constraint of "trust in social networks", is a significant and consistent relationship. In other words, the use of social networks does not necessarily lead to the creation or enhancement of the culture of participatory democracy, but when referring to social networks, as a source of news and political information, is accompanied by trust in this medium, ith as been effective in promoting the culture of participatory democracy of the respondents.

The objective behind this study is to analyze the ways in which women politicians selected to be represented on Instagram by analyzing the images they have shown of themselves. In this article, in addition to analyzing how women's clothing is represented in the selected sample of research, the question is answered whether their dressing when appearing in formal media is different from what they wear in the informal media (Instagram)? In the theoretical framework of the research, Irving Goffman's dramatic approach has been used and in the analysis of the Instagram pages of women politicians, the virtual ethnographic method has been applied.The research community in this article, the Instagram pages of women active in the official Iranian politics are covered by a traditional overall cover called Chador, and the page of five of them, as a research sample, has been selected purposefully. Analysis of pictures of women politicians posted on personal Instagram pages showed that some of them were slightly more open in international forums or in the absence of official cameras such as television, while others were more closed. The result is that these veiled women, in situations where they have presented themselves on stage and performing a duty, have chosen a more appropriate dressing. But sometimes when they feel more relaxed and less pressured by the cameras, somehow different dressing.

The present study was designed and conducted with the aim of analyzing the social identity of women in Tehran, based on the use of social media and contextual variables, especially the level of education. This research is applied one and its method is descriptive-causal which has been done with survey technique and questionnaire measurement tool. The statistical population includes all women living in Tehran in 2020, and the statistical sample is 300 people based on Morgan table.To measure the research variables, a researcher-made questionnaire related to the amount and type of use of social media and the standard questionnaire of social identity Saffarinia and Roshan (2011) were used. The findings of the test confirmed the main hypothesis of the research, that "the amount and type of use of social media and education play a role in the social identity of women in Tehran." The results showed that women in Tehran, with an average of 3.77 in terms of "social identity" are above average. Regarding the extent and type of women using social media, the findings indicate that 10.9% of women use social media for less than an hour a day and about 90% of them use social media for more than an hour. Also, 90% of the women surveyed, use the telegram, of which only about 5% have a history of less than one year. In terms of the presence of women surveyed on Instagram, the findings showed that 84.5% of women surveyed use Instagram, and 15.5% of women were not members of Instagram. The results also indicate that the use of social networks in explaining the role of social identity of women, about 3% and education, adds another 2% to the explanation of social identity, resulting to the total of 5% of their social identity

In today's competitive marketplace, content marketing on social media can attract customers and increase of the share of brand in transactions, especially in the sports sector. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of social media content marketing on the well-being of sports brands. For this purpose, qualitative methodology was used. First, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and then analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The results of the analysis of interviews with experts showed that the impact of social media content marketing on the well-being of sports brands can be explained through the three concepts of brand awareness, brand positioning and brand loyalty. Therefore, with the expansion of media, it can be said that one of the recommended ways for brands to exchange information and interact with customers is marketing social media content, which increases the share of brands in the marketplace and provides the necessary basis for its distiction among competitors. .

The purpose of this study is to design a model of optimal public relations performance of Mazandaran Gas Company, with emphasis on the media. The present paper, which is of qualitative type, was done using data theory. The statistical population of this study consisted of 24 elites and experts in the field of public relations of Mazandaran Gas Department, elites in the field of communications and media, as well as university professors, and their sampling was purposeful and based on snowball method. After 14 interviews, the research data reached the stage of theoretical saturation and were then analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. In these three stages, the main and sub-categories were identified, including causal conditions (information, strengthening public morals, reflection and analysis of problems, awareness and education), background conditions (documentation, modeling, knowledge management, human resources and program production), interventionist conditions (thinking, discourse-building, environmental monitoring, modernity, institutionalization, and meritocracy). Indicators of strategies including the concepts of needs assessment, targeted mission orientation and communication and indicators of consequences including the concepts of socialization, professionalization of public relations, generalization, proper interaction with society and people and development dynamics were identified. Finally, the authors have drawn a paradigm model.

Today, many messengers (social media) are at the helm of the turbulent ocean of the Internet, and their positive and negative effects on various aspects of life are not hidden from anyone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between use of the telegram by Shahinshahr’s youth and its filtering impact on their quality of life. In terms of purpose, application and method used in it, is thematic analysis. The statistical population, in the first step, includes texts, books and scientific articles, and in the second step, includes specialists in the field of communications and all young people aged 18 to 30 in Shahinshahr region, in 2019. The first sample was selected based on information saturation, the second sample was purposely selected and the third sample was selected by the available method. The results showed that the most important threats of Telegram messenger were in the dimension of physical function, internet addiction, wasting time and limiting users' time to take care of sports and health; In energy, internet addiction and spending a lot of energy for telegram messenger; in emotional well-being, identity forgery; in social functioning, changing human relationships; in public health, it is a lifestyle change. The most important opportunities in physical function, creating educational opportunities in the field of physical activity; in energy, educational opportunities and educational content; in emotional well-being, facilitating learning processes; in social functioning, the possibility of creating a new circle of friendship and promoting the consumption of cultural goods; in public health, it is possible to form a new circle of friends. Its strengths are its ability to share and learn, its ease of use, and its weaknesses are the publication of invalid information and unofficial news. Accordingly, in filtering pathology, it is necessary to focus on the problem, respectively, in the field of information transfer and educational content, causing problems on the workplace, ineffective telegram filtering, problems in relationships, psychological problems, causing expences to users, ethical problems, getting acquainted with anti filter by all ages with and to have access to all filtered content